What does 'Range' refer to in data analysis?

In data analysis, 'Range' is specifically defined as the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset. This measure provides a simple understanding of the spread or dispersion of the data. It shows how wide or narrow the data set is, illustrating the extent of variation.

For example, if you have a set of test scores where the highest score is 95 and the lowest score is 50, the range would be 95 - 50 = 45. This indicates that there is a significant variability in the scores. The concept of range is crucial because it can inform about the potential extremes of data, which is often important for identifying outliers or assessing consistency within the dataset.

The other options, while they relate to data analysis, do not accurately define 'Range.' The total number of values refers to sample size, the average is the mean of the data set, and the sum represents a cumulative total of the values, all of which are different statistical concepts.